United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit Office of Staff Attorneys

Standards of Review Outline

Updated 2022

By Office of Staff Attorneys

United States Court of Appeals

for the Ninth Circuit

This outline is intended for use as a starting point for research. It is not intended to express the views or opinions of the Ninth Circuit, and it may not be cited to or by the courts of this circuit. Corrections and comments should be e-mailed to Outlines@ca9.uscourts.gov.